Problems of Forensic Sciences 2010 Vol. 81 (LXXXI) 101-113
DETERMINATION OF PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES IN “LEGAL HIGHS”
Bogumiła BYRSKA, Dariusz ZUBA, Roman STANASZEK
Department of Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Research, Kraków
Streszczenie
The paper pres ents the results of the development of chromatographic methods for determination of piperazine derivatives, including 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP), 1-(3-chlorphenyl)piperazine (mCPP), N-(3-methylbenzyl)piperazine (MeBP),
1-(2-methoxy-phenyl)piperazine (MeOPP), 1-methyl-3-phenylpiperazine (MeP) and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine(TFMPP). Qual i ta tive anal y sis of piperazine derivatives was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
(GC-MS), while quantitative analysis was performed by high performance liquid chro matography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Mass spectra of piperazine derivatives are characteristic, which allows their identification on the basis of ions
with the following m/z values: BZP – 91, 134, 176, 56; mCPP – 154, 196, 138, 57; MeBP – 105, 148, 190, 56; MeOPP – 150, 192,135, 120; MeP – 58, 104, 176, 43; TFMPP – 188, 230, 172, 145. Optimization of HPLC conditions allowed separation of all analytes in less than 4 min (total analysis time was 9 min). Limits of quantification (LOQ) of individual compounds ranged from 0.125 mg/ml to 0.5 mg/ml. The HPLC method was linear over the entire range of tested concentrations. Precision and accuracy were studied at three concentration levels: 5, 20 and 50 mg/ml. The values of both analytical parameters were below 4% in most cases. The developed chromatographic (GC-MS, HPLC) methods allow qualitative and quantitative analysis of piperazine derivatives in sam plesseized on the illicit drug market and in so-called “legal highs”.
Słowa kluczowe
“Legal highs”; Piperazine derivatives; GC-MS; HPLC-DAD